Microbiology/Virology/Immunology/Bacteriology/Parasitology Text Book On-line

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INTRODUCTION

IMMUNOLOGY

BACTERIOLOGY

VIROLOGY

PARASITOLOGY

MYCOLOGY

INFECTIOUS DISEASE

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VIROLOGY

Virology is the study of viruses, complexes of nucleic acids and proteins that have the capacity for replication in animal, plant and bacterial cells. To replicate themselves, viruses usurp functions of the host cells on which they are parasites.  The viral parasite causes changes in the cell, particularly its antigenicity; moreover, directing the host cell’s metabolism to the production of new virus particles may cause cellular death. Virally-induced cell death, changes in antigenicity and the response of the host to the presence of the virus leads to the manifestations of viral disease.

Viruses come in two basic types, those that have a genome of DNA and those that have a genome of RNA.

 

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BACTERIOLOGY    IMMUNOLOGY    VIROLOGY    PARASITOLOGY    MYCOLOGY

  VIRUS GLOSSARY
     CHAPTER ONE
Definitions, Classification, Morphology and Chemistry An introduction to viruses, their nature, structure and classification       CHAPTER TWO
Virus replication Strategies Principal events involved in replication: Adsorption, penetration, uncoating nucleic acid and protein synthesis, assembly, maturation and release     CHAPTER THREE
DNA Virus Replication Strategies  Replicative strategies employed by animal DNA viruses.  Identification of virus prototypes associated with different DNA virus replication schemes     CHAPTER FOUR
RNA Virus Replication Strategies  Replicative strategies employed by animal RNA viruses. Identification of virus prototypes associated with different RNA virus replication schemes    

 

 

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CHAPTER FIVE
Viral Genetics  Introduction to animal virus genetics

 

    CHAPTER SIX  PART ONE
Oncogenic Viruses – DNA TUMOR VIRUSES

CHAPTER SIX   PART TWO
ONCOGENIC VIRUSES – RNA TUMOR VIRUSES (Retroviruses)
 

Viruses that cause cancer and the mechanisms by which they do so: DNA cancer viruses (polyoma, herpes, papilloma, hepatitis, adenovirus). RNA cancer viruses (retroviruses)     CHAPTER SEVEN
Human Immunodeficiency Virus

PART I HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AND AIDS
PART II HIV AND AIDS, THE DISEASE
PART III COURSE OF THE DISEASE
PART IV PROGRESSION AND COFACTORS
PART V STATISTICS
PART VI  SUBTYPES AND CO-RECEPTORS
PART VII  COMPONENTS AND LIFE CYCLE OF HIV
PART VIII  LATENCY OF HIV
PART IX GENOME OF HIV
PART X  LOSS OF CD4 CELLS
PART XI   POPULATION POLYMORPHISM, STRATEGIES TO COMBAT THE VIRUS, CAN HIV BE CURED?

APPENDIX I  ANTI-HIV VACCINES
APPENDIX II  DOES HIV CAUSE AIDS?
APPENDIX III  ANTI-HIV CHEMOTHERAPY

The biology of the virus that causes AIDS     CHAPTER EIGHT
VACCINES: PAST SUCCESSES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

APPENDIX
REDUCTION IN THE INCIDENCE OF CERTAIN DISEASES AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF VACCINATION

History of vaccines especially smallpox and polio. New methods: subunit vaccines, anti-idiotype and DNA vaccines.
Molecular approaches to the development of viral vaccines     CHAPTER NINE
Viral Chemotherapy  Drugs that have been used against viruses: Nucleoside analogs, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors       CHAPTER TEN – PART ONE
PICORNAVIRUSES: ENTEROVIRUSES

 

CHAPTER TEN – PART TWO
PICORNAVIRUSES: RHINOVIRUSES

Appendix: Acute Flaccid Myelitis (AFM): Update on Disease Symptoms and Potential Etiologic Agent(s)
 

CHAPTER TEN – PART THREE
REPLICATION OF POLIO AND OTHER PICORNAVIRUSES

Picornaviruses: Small RNA viruses that cause infections of the alimentary tract including polio (enteroviruses) and of the upper respiratory tract (rhinoviruses)      CHAPTER ELEVEN
Herpesvirus The structure of herpes viruses. The diseases caused by herpes simplex types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus and other herpes types.      CHAPTER TWELVE
Virus-Host InteractionS Host specific and nonspecific defense mechanisms involved in resistance to and recovery from virus infections. Role of interferon in viral infections. Mechanisms by which interferon exerts its antiviral activity. Contributions of various host defense mechanisms in viral infections     CHAPTER THIRTEEN
Influenza virus Influenza virus structure and properties. Viral pathogenesis and disease, genetics, epidemiology, prevention and treatment    

  

CHAPTER FOURTEEN
Mumps, Measles  Structure and properties of measles and mumps viruses. Viral pathogenesis and disease, epidemiology, prevention and
treatment     CHAPTER FIFTEEN
Rubella Structure and properties of rubella virus. German Measles pathogenesis and disease, epidemiology, prevention and treatment CHAPTER SIXTEEN
Parainfluenza, Respiratory SyncYtial and Adeno Virus

 

Viruses that cause respiratory disease     CHAPTER SEVENTEEN
Rotaviruses and Other Agents of Viral Gastroenteritis Viruses that cause alimentary tract infections     CHAPTER EIGHTEEN
Hepatitis Viruses  The structure and replication of hepatitis A to E     CHAPTER NINETEEN – PART ONE
HEPATITIS A AND E (Infectious and enteric non-A, non- B)

CHAPTER NINETEEN – PART TWO
HEPATITIS B, C, D AND G (Serum hepatitis, non A, non-B hepatitis and Delta Antigen)

The diseases that are caused by the hepatitis viruses     CHAPTER TWENTY
Rabies   Rhabdoviruses and the disease of rabies     CHAPTER TWENTY ONE
Arboviruses

 

CHAPTER TWENTY TWO
VIRAL DISEASES TRANSMITTED BY VERTEBRATES

APPENDIX
EBOLA

APPENDIX
NIPAH VIRUS AND LYCHEE FRUITS

Arbovirus encephalitis, febrile and hemorrhagic disease. Rodent borne hemorrhagic fever, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Diseases borne by bats. Other filovirus-associated hemorrhagic fevers     CHAPTER TWENTY THREE
Conventional and Unconventional Agents (Slow Viral Diseases)  Slow viral diseases of the
central nervous system.
Progressive multifocal
leukoencephalopathy.
Sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis (measles virus)
Prion diseases: Kuru, 
Creutzfeld-Jakob disease     CHAPTER TWENTY FOUR
Bacteriophage Structure of bacteriophage. The infectious process and the lytic multiplication cycle. The lysogenic cycle and its regulation.   CHAPTER TWENTY FIVE
CORONAVIRUSES:
COLDS, SARS, MERS
AND COVID-19, THE DISEASE PANDEMIC THAT SWEPT THE WORLD IN EARLY 2020

Appendix A: Pandemics

Appendix B: Masks and Infection Control

 

The viruses that cause about one third of common colds, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and COVID-19, cause of the 2020 Coronavirus pandemic   CHAPTER TWENTY SIX
PARVOVIRUSES AND FIFTH DISEASE Childhood rash disease

BACTERIOLOGY    IMMUNOLOGY    VIROLOGY    PARASITOLOGY    MYCOLOGY

 

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